ESP32-S Series GPIO Reference
ESP32-S Series GPIO Reference
The ESP32-S Series includes the ESP32-S2 and ESP32-S3 processors. While they share many GPIO features with the Original ESP32, they also introduce significant enhancements including native USB support, additional peripherals, and expanded GPIO capabilities.
GPIO assignments vary between the ESP32-S2 and ESP32-S3, as well as between individual development boards. This page summarizes the common GPIO characteristics of the S Series and provides guidance for DIY holiday lighting applications.
GPIO Summary
| Processor | Approximate GPIO | Input | Output | USB | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESP32-S2 | Up to 43 | Yes | Yes | Native USB | Single-core processor. |
| ESP32-S3 | Up to 45 | Yes | Yes | Native USB | Dual-core processor with vector instructions. |
GPIO Categories
Recommended for Pixel Outputs
Most GPIO pins that support digital output may be used for pixel data, provided they are not reserved by the development board or firmware.
Boot (Strapping) Pins
Some GPIO pins are sampled during reset to determine processor startup mode. Refer to the processor datasheet and development board documentation before assigning these pins.
Reserved Pins
Certain GPIO pins may be dedicated to onboard flash memory, PSRAM, USB functions, or other hardware depending on the module or development board.
USB Pins
Unlike the Original ESP32, the ESP32-S Series includes native USB functionality. GPIO pins assigned to USB should generally not be reassigned unless USB support is not required.
ESP32-S2 Notes
- Native USB
- No Bluetooth
- Single-core processor
- Excellent for USB-connected projects
ESP32-S3 Notes
- Native USB
- Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
- Dual-core processor
- AI/vector instruction support
- Most commonly used S Series processor for holiday lighting
Practical Notes
Although the processor may support a particular GPIO, the development board may not expose every pin.
Some GPIO pins may already be connected to:
- USB interface
- Status LEDs
- Boot and reset buttons
- RGB LEDs
- Displays
- Flash memory
- PSRAM
- Battery monitoring circuits
Always consult the development board schematic before assigning GPIO pins.
Community Verified GPIO
The following information has been verified through testing by members of the DIY holiday lighting community.
| Development Board | Processor | Firmware | Version | Verified Pixel Outputs | Verified By | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No community testing submitted yet. |
Additional community testing is encouraged.
Firmware Considerations
Firmware may impose additional GPIO restrictions beyond those defined by the processor or development board.
Always verify GPIO support for the firmware version being used.
See: